# Date and Time

## 1. MINUTES

Converts number into minutes value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`MINUTES(parameter)` 

Replace `parameter` with the number value to convert it to minutes.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`{Opportunity.RFQ_Date__c} + MINUTES(30)` will add *30* minutes to *RFQ\_Date\_\_c* value.

{% hint style="warning" %}
If do not convert number to minutes, error will occur.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 2. HOURS

Converts number into hours value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`HOURS(parameter)` 

Replace `parameter` with the number value to convert it to hours.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`{Opportunity.RFQ_Date__c} + HOURS(12)` will add *12* hours to *RFQ\_Date\_\_c* value.

{% hint style="warning" %}
If do not convert number to hours, error will occur.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 3. DATE

Returns a date value from year, month, and day values you enter.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATE(year, month, day)` 

Replace:

`year` with a four-digit year;

`month` with a two-digit month;

`day` with a two-digit day.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATE(2016, 10, 10)` returns **October 10, 2016** as a date value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 4. DATETIME

Returns a date value from year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds values in the local time zone of the current user.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATETIME(year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds)` 

Replace parameters with integer values of year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATETIME(2005, 1, 2, 20, 30, 0)` returns **January 2, 2005, 8:30 PM** as a datetime value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 5. DATETIMEGMT

Returns a date value from year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds in GMT datetime value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATETIMEGMT(year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds)` 

Replace parameters with integer values of year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATETIMEGMT(2005, 1, 2, 20, 30, 0)` returns **January 2, 2005, 8:30 PM GMT** as a datetime value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 6. DATEVALUE

Returns a date value for a date, datetime or text expression in the local time zone of the current user.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATEVALUE(datetime_or_string)` 

Replace `datetime_or_string` with a date, datetime or text value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATEVALUE('11/15/2015')` returns **November 15, 2015** as a date value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 7. DATETIMEVALUE

Returns a datetime value for a date, datetime or text expression in the local time zone of the current user.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATETIMEVALUE(date_or_string)` 

Replace `date_or_string` with a date, datetime or text value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATETIMEVALUE('2005-11-15 17:00:00')` returns **November 15, 2005 5:00 PM** as a datetime value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 8. DATETIMEVALUEGMT

Returns a date value for a date, datetime or text expression in the GMT time zone.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATETIMEVALUEGMT(datetime_or_string)` 

Replace `datetime_or_string` with a date/datetime or text value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`DATETIMEVALUEGMT('2015-11-15 17:00:00')` returns **November 15, 2005 5:00 PM** as a datetime value in GMT time zone. 
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 9. DATETIMETOGMT

Converts datetime value from the local time zone of a context user to the Greenwich Mean Time value with datetime type.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATETIMETOGMT(datetime_object)` 

Replace `datetime_object` with a datetime value in context user local time zone.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let current user local datetime value is **6/9/2015 10:09:14 PST**.

`DATETIMETOGMT({$System.DateTime})` returns **6/9/2015 17:09:14 GMT** as a datetime value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 10. ADDDAYS

Returns a new date or datetime value that adds the specified number of days to the value of this instance.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`ADDDAYS(date/datetime, number_of_days, boolean_consider_weekends)` 

Replace:

`date/datetime` with the date or datetime you want to add days to;

`number_of_days` with integer number of days that needs to be added to original value;

`boolean_consider_weekends` with *true* if calculation should exclude Saturday and Sunday, or *false* if it should not.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`ADDDAYS(DATE(2019, 02, 12), 2, false)` will return **2019-02-14 00:00:00**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 11. ADDMONTHS

Adds the given number of months to the date or datetime value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`ADDMONTHS(date/datetime, number_of_months)` 

Replace:

`date/datetime` with the date or datetime you want to add months to;

`number_of_months` with the integer number of months that needs to be added to original value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`ADDMONTHS(DATE(2019, 02, 12), 5)` will return **2019-07-12 00:00:00**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 12. ADDYEARS

Adds the given number of years to the date or datetime value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`ADDYEARS(date/datetime, number_of_years)`

Replace:

`date/datetime` with the date or datetime you want to add years to;

`number_of_years` with the integer number of years that needs to be added to original value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`ADDYEARS(DATE(2019, 02, 12), 5)` will return **2024-02-12 00:00:00**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 13. ADDINTERVAL

Adds time interval to the datetime based on the business hours for the current Salesforce organization.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`ADDINTERVAL(datetime, interval_string, business_hours_id_optional)` 

Replace:

`datetime` parameter with a datetime value;

`interval_sting` with time interval in the *'1d 1h 1m'* format ;

`business_hours_id_optional` with an ID of a business hours record used in your organization.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Note: a `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.

If pass an empty string or *null*, interval will be added using 24-hours day, 7-days week, 365-days year.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let current system datetime value is **Tuesday, 04/01, 8 AM** and business hours are set to **8 AM to 11 AM, Monday to Friday**.

`FORMAT(ADDINTERVAL({$System.DateTime}, '5h 30m', 'id_of_business_hours_record'))` will return **Wednesday, 04/02, 10:30 AM** value.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 14. SUBTRACTINTERVAL

Subtracts time interval from the datetime based on the business hours for the current Salesforce organization.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`SUBTRACTINTERVAL(datetime, interval_string, business_hours_id_optional)` 

Replace:

`datetime` parameter with a datetime value;

`interval_sting` with time interval in the *'1d 1h 1m'* format;

`business_hours_id_optional` with an ID of a business hours record used in your organization.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Note: a `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.

If pass an empty string or *null*, interval will be subtracted using 24-hours day, 7-days week, 365-days year.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`FORMAT(SUBSTRACTINTERVAL(DATETIME(2019, 03, 12, 11, 0, 0), '3h 30m'))` will return **3/12/2019 7:30 AM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 15. NORMALIZEDATE

Moves a date or datetime to the closer working day according to business hours.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`NORMALIZEDATE(date/datetime, business_hours_id_optional)` 

Replace:

`date/datetime` parameter with value you need to normalize;

`business_hours_id_optional` with an ID of a business hours record used in your organization.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Note: a `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.

If pass an empty string or *null*, default business hours setting for the organization will be used to calculate date or datetime.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let current system datetime value is **Saturday, 03/16, 2 PM** and business hours are set to **8 AM to 11 AM, Monday to Friday**.

`NORMALIZEDATE({$System.DateTime}, id_of_business_hours_record)` will return a datetime value for **Monday, 3/18 8:00 AM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 16. STARTOFDAY

Moves a date/datetime to the start of working day according to business hours.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`STARTOFDAY(date/datetime, business_hours_id_optional)`

Replace: 

`date/datetime` parameter with value you need to calculate;

`business_hours_id_optional` with an id of a business hours record used in your organization.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Note: a `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.

If pass an empty string or *null*, default business hours setting for the organization will be used to calculate date or datetime.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let current system datetime value is **Wednesday, 03/13, 2 PM** and business hours are set to **8 AM to 11 AM, Monday to Friday**.

`STARTOFDAY({$System.DateTime}, id_of_business_hours_record)` will return datetime value for **Wednesday, 3/13 8:00 AM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 17. ENDOFDAY

Moves a date/datetime to the end of working day according to business hours.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`ENDOFDAY(date/datetime, business_hours_id_optional)`

Replace: 

`date/datetime` parameter with value you need to calculate;

`business_hours_id_optional` with an id of a business hours record used in your organization.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Note: a `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.\
If pass an empty string or *null*, default business hours setting for the organization will be used to calculate date or datetime.
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let current system datetime value is **Wednesday, 03/13, 2 PM** and business hours are set to **8 AM to 11 AM, Monday to Friday**.

`ENDOFDAY({$System.DateTime}, id_of_business_hours_record)` will return datetime value for **Wednesday, 3/13, 11AM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 18. FORMAT

Returns a value containing a date expression formatted according to given parameter.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`FORMAT(date/datetime, format_string_optional)` 

Replace: 

`date/datetime` with the original date or datetime value;

optional parameter `format_string_optional` with the valid format expression.

{% hint style="info" %}
Check supported formats here: <http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html>).
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 1" %}
`FORMAT(DATE(2019, 02, 12))` will return **2/12/2019**.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 2" %}
`FORMAT(DATETIME(2019, 02, 12, 11, 23, 0))` will return **2/12/2019 11:23 AM**
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 3" %}
`FORMAT(DATETIME(2019, 02, 12, 11, 23, 0), 'h:mm a')` **will return 11:23 AM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 19. FORMATGMT

Returns a value containing an expression formatted according to given parameter in GMT time value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`FORMATGMT(date/datetime, format_string_optional)`&#x20;

Replace:&#x20;

`date/datetime` with the original date or datetime value;

optional parameter `format_string_optional` with the valid format expression.

{% hint style="info" %}
Check supported formats here: <http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html>).
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let organization time zone is **Eastern Standard Time**.

`FORMATGMT(DATETIME(2019, 03, 12, 11, 23, 0))` will return **3/12/2019 3:23 PM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 20. STARTOFWEEK

Returns date or datetime representing the first day of week for the date passed to the function in the local time zone of the current user.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`STARTOFWEEK(date/dateTime)`&#x20;

Replace `date/dateTime` parameter with the date or datetime value which start date of the week is to be determined.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
`STARTOFWEEK({Opportunity.createdDate})` will return start of the week date for the value of createdDate in GMT timezone.

Let current system datetime value is **Wednesday, 03/13, 2 PM**.

`STARTOFWEEK({$System.DateTime})` will return datetime value for **Monday, 3/11, 2 PM**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 21. DAYSBETWEEN

Returns number of days between two date or datetime values.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DAYSBETWEEN(date/datetime, date/datetime, ignoreWeekends)`&#x20;

Replace:

first two parameters with the two date/datetime values;

boolean `ignoreWeekends` with *true* if calculation should exclude Saturdays and Sundays, or *false* if it should not.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let `createdDate` equals **2001-07-04** and `closedDate` equals **2001-07-10**

`DAYSBETWEEN({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate}, false)` will return **5**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 22. DATEDIFF

Returns number of minutes, hours and days between date/datetime values.

{% hint style="info" %}
To access business hours records navigate to Setup > Company Profile > Business Hours.
{% endhint %}

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`DATEDIFF(date/datetime, date/datetime, business_hours_id_optional, result_type_optional, hours_in_day_optional)`&#x20;

Replace:

first two parameters with two dates;

`business_hours_id_optional` optional parameter with an ID of a business hours record used in your organization;

`result_type_optional` optional parameter with one of the following values: *'Duration', 'Hours', 'Days'* (this parameter is case-insensitive);

{% hint style="info" %}
Duration format looks like this:  **1d 7h 45m**.
{% endhint %}

`hours_in_day_optional` is an optional parameter that can be used when user passes '*Duration*' or '*Days*' as a `result_type_optional` - it defines number of hours in a day for function calculation.

{% hint style="warning" %}
Notes:

* A `business_hours_id_optional` parameter is optional.\
  If omit this parameter or pass *null*, function will calculate result using 24-hours day, 7-days week, 365-days year.
* Function with '*Hours*' result type will return full number of hours rounded down. This can be useful to avoid lates in calculated schedules, etc.
* If `hours_in_day_optional` is used, `business_hours_id_optional` should be set to *null* (optional parameters can be omitted only if they are last, otherwise they should be set to *null*).
  {% endhint %}
  {% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 1" %}
Let `createdDate` = **2001-07-0**4 and `closedDate` = **2001-07-05**&#x20;

`DATEDIFF({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate})` returns **1440** (minutes).
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 2" %}
Let  `createdDate` = **2020-06-29** and `closedDate` = **2020-07-01T03:30:05Z**, and business hours are set as **8 hours per day from Monday to Friday**.

`DATEDIFF({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate}, business_hours_id)` returns **960** (minutes).
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 3" %}
Let  `createdDate` = **2020-06-29** and `closedDate` = **2020-07-01T03:30:05Z**.

`DATEDIFF({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate}, null, DURATION)` will return **44h 30m**.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 4" %}
Let  `createdDate` = **2020-06-29** and `closedDate` = **2020-07-01T03:30:05Z**.

`DATEDIFF({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate}, null, Hours)` will return **44** (integer number of hours).
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example 5" %}
Let  `createdDate` = **2001-07-04** and `closedDate` = **2001-07-05**.

`DATEDIFF({Opportunity.createdDate}, {Opportunity.closedDate}, false, 'Duration', 8)` returns **3d**.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 23. YEAR&#x20;

Returns the year component of a date or datetime value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`YEAR(parameter)`&#x20;

Replace `parameter` with the date/datetime value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let `RFQ_Date__c` = **2020-07-01T03:30:05Z**.&#x20;

`YEAR({Opportunity.RFQ_Date__c})` returns **2020** (integer representing year component of `RFQ_Date__c` field value).
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## 24. MONTH

Returns the month component of a date or datetime value.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Usage" %}
`MONTH(parameter)`&#x20;

Replace `parameter` with the date/datetime value.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Example" %}
Let `RFQ_Date__c` = **2020-07-01T03:30:05Z**.&#x20;

`MONTH({Opportunity.RFQ_Date__c})` returns **7** (integer representing month component of `RFQ_Date__c` field value).
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}